Information Products

This page provides the description of the information product types recommended by the CG Core metadata schema.

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Types of Information Product

Abstract Audio Blog Blog Post Book Book Chapter Brief Brochure Case Study Conference Paper Conference Proceedings Data Paper Dataset Opinion Piece Equation Extension Material Image Infographic Journal Article Journal Issue Journal Item Magazine Magazine Article Manual Map Model News Item Newsletter Podcast Poster Presentation Press Release Proposal Questionnaire Report Social Media Output Software Source Code Template Thesis Training Material Video Website Working Paper

Abstract Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/abstract
Definition	A brief summary of a work on a particular subject, designed to act as the point-of-entry that will help the reader quickly to obtain an overview of the work's contents. The abstract may be an integral part of the work itself, written by the same author(s) and appearing at the beginning of a work such as a research paper, report, review or thesis. Alternatively it may be separate from the published work itself, and written by someone other than the author(s) of the published work, for example by a member of a professional abstracting service such as CAB Abstracts. Conferences often require - and publish - abstracts of presentations or posters. It should be structured to summarize study objectives, background, methods, results, conclusions and recommendations.
Source	FaBiO
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/127277

Audio Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/audio
Definition	Resource primarily intended to be heard. Examples include a music playback file format, an audio compact disc, and recorded speech or sounds. Individual audio files can be brought together and published through, for example, a podcast series.
Source	COAR
Guidance	Use this for the individual episodes in a Podcast.

Blog Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/blog
Definition	A web publication medium, typically on a topic or from an individual or a team, containing blog posts. Each post has a unique URL and is published sequentially over time. A blog platform like WordPress is often used as a website.
Source	COAR

Blog Post Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/blog-post
Definition	A piece of writing or other item of content published on a blog. Usually with a distinct title, date and author(s).
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/68505

Book Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/book
Definition	Non-serial publication that is complete in one volume or a designated finite number of volumes. Most 'books' are published commercially and sold by specialised publishers. Some research organizations also publish books, though they are most likely to be 'reports'.
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/110623

Book Chapter Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/book-chapter
Definition	A defined chapter within a book, with individually identified authors/contributors, with a separate title, and often with a number.
Source	FaBiO
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/108190

Brief Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/brief
Definition	Short description, synthesis or summary of research or findings, usually for a specific audience (research briefs showcase new research initiatives; policy briefs provide policy recommendations; there can also be briefs for extension workers, decision-makers or other target audiences.)
Synonyms	Factsheet
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111286

Brochure Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/brochure
Definition	Pamphlet, booklet, leaflets and other pocket, foldable graphic and informative products containing summarized or introductory information or advertising.
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/128022

Case Study Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/case-study
Definition	A case study is an in-depth, detailed examination of a particular case (or cases) within a real-world context. Generally, a case study can highlight nearly any individual, group, organization, event, belief system, or action. A case study does not necessarily have to be one observation, but may include many observations (one or multiple individuals and entities across multiple time periods, all within the same case study).
Synonyms	Outcome Case Study
Source	Wikipedia
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/121218

Conference Paper Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/conference-paper
Definition	Conference papers are brief and precise documents with a limited number of pages in which academics present the findings of their research investigations. Conference papers are intended for presentation at conferences and may be published in conference proceedings. They have a less strict review process compared to journal papers.
Source	https://mindthegraph.com/blog/conference-paper/

Conference Proceedings Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/conference-proceedings
Definition	A document containing the programme and collected conference papers, or their abstracts, presented at a conference, seminar, symposium or similar event.
Source	FaBiO
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111219

Data Paper Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/data-paper
Definition	Data papers have been defined as scholarly journal publications whose primary purpose is to describe research data. The simplest definition is that data papers focus on “information on the what, where, why, how and who of the data” rather than original research results. Data papers have also been defined as “a searchable metadata document”, describing a particular dataset or a group of datasets, published in the form of a peer-reviewed article in a scholarly journal.
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/125880

Dataset Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/dataset
Definition	Collection of related facts and data encoded in a defined structure.
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766.1/FK2/FXW9AP

Opinion Piece Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/opinion-piece
Definition	A viewpoint or perspective on an issue, with named author(s), normally published in a media outlet.
Synonyms	Editorial
Source	FaBiO

Equation Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/equation
Definition	Equation is a statement of equality between two expressions consisting of variables and/or numbers. Equations vary in complexity from simple algebraic equations (involving only addition or multiplication) to differential equations, exponential equations (involving exponential expressions), and integral equations. They are used to express many of the laws of physics.
Source	Encyclopaedia Britannica

Extension Material Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/extension-material
Definition	Extension materials aim at communicating a simple message to motivate the target group (for example, rice farmers) to change the way they do something. Extension materials can be verbal communications, bulletins/brochures, posters, radio dramas or videos
Source	http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/technology-transfer-methods/item/creating-extension-materials-2
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111202

Image Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/image
Definition	Recorded static visual representation. This class of image includes diagrams, drawing, graphs, graphic designs, plans, photographs, and prints.
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/12201

Infographic Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/infographic
Definition	An infographic is a visual representation of information or data that is designed to communicate complex or abstract ideas in a simple and easy-to-understand format.

Journal Article Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/journal-article
Definition	Article by an author or a team of authors published in an academic or scholarly journal or another periodical.
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/67149

Journal Issue Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/journal-issue
Definition	A specific edition of a scholarly publication that contains a collection of articles or papers on various topics within a specific field of study. Usually guest edited with papers from an event or on a topic.
Synonyms	Special Issue
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/9819

Journal Item Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/journal-item
Definition	A short piece or contribution published within an academic journal but not having the form of an article. Typical examples: a book review, correspondence or letter to the editors.
Guidance	For an editorial, please use the Opinion Piece type.

Magazine Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/magazine
Definition	A periodical, usually devoted to a particular topic or domain of interest, and usually published weekly or monthly, consisting primarily of non-peer reviewed editorials, journalistic news items and more substantive articles, reviews, book reviews and discussions concerning current or recent events and publications, and matters of interest to the domain served by the magazine. [Some scientific journals, notably Science and Nature, also secondarily serve as science magazines by containing substantive editorials and news items on vital or controversial issues].
Source	FaBiO

Magazine Article Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/magazine-article
Definition	An article published in a magazine issue. Typically for more general audiences.
Source	FaBiO

Manual Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/manual
Definition	Any type of technical documentation that describes handling, functionality and architecture of a technical product or a product under development or use. Typically, explains how to steps to undertake an activity or task.
Synonyms	Guidelines; User Manual; Toolkit
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/67565

Map Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/map
Definition	Any material representing the whole or part of the Earth or any celestial body at any scale. Cartographic materials include two- and three-dimensional maps and plans (including maps of imaginary places); aeronautical, navigational, and celestial charts; atlases; globes; block diagrams; sections; aerial photographs with a cartographic purpose; bird's-eye views (map views), etc.
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/9067

Model Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/model
Definition	A scientific model is a physical and/or mathematical and/or conceptual representation of a system of ideas, events or processes. Scientists seek to identify and understand patterns in our world by drawing on their scientific knowledge to offer explanations that enable the patterns to be predicted.
Source	https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/scimodels.aspx

News Item Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/news-item
Definition	Article(s) in a daily, weekly or monthly publication reporting on news and social issues aimed at the public. May entail critical analysis based on expertise in the field. For items published by an organization for news and media see Press Release.
Source	CASRAI
Guidance	Use this for items produced by third parties ABOUT us or our work.

Newsletter Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/newsletter
Definition	A newsletter is a regular publication that is distributed to subscribers via email, print, or online platforms. It typically contains news, updates, and information on a specific topic, industry, or organization.
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/13564

Podcast Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/podcast
Definition	A podcast is an audio program made available in digital format for download over the Internet. For example, an episodic series of digital audio files that a user can download to a personal device to listen to at a time of their choosing. A podcast series comprises individual audio files.
Source	Wikipedia
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/6754

Poster Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/poster
Definition	Opaque (e.g., two-dimensional) art originals and reproductions, charts, photographs or materials intended to be projected or viewed without sound, e.g., filmstrips, transparencies, photographs, posters, pictures, radiographs, slides, and collections of such materials. Typically a single 'slide' or 'page' containing visuals, text and charts that summarizing ongoing research or results and 'presented' at an event. Some posters can be more general purpose to convey important messages or other information.
Source	NISO
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/68035

Presentation Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/presentation
Definition	Expositions and dissertations given through Microsoft PowerPoint or other presentation software.
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/68177

Press Release Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/press-release
Definition	A news report published by an organization to provide information to journalists or other audiences.
Source	FaBiO
Guidance	Use this for items produced by us for news and media.

Proposal Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/proposal
Definition	A proposal is a document that outlines a proposed research project and is typically submitted to a funding agency or other entity that provides support for research activities.

Questionnaire Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/questionnaire
Definition	A questionnaire is a research tool that consists of a set of questions that are designed to gather information from a group of people.
Guidance	Use this for paper-based surveys as well as ODK XLSX forms (unless the form is submitted as part of a dataset).

Report Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/report
Definition	A formal factual, methodological, statistical, technical or research report issued by an individual, group, agency, government body or other institution.
Source	FaBiO

Social Media Output Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/social-media-output
Definition	Social media output refers to any content that is created and posted on social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, and others. Social media output can take many forms, including text, images, videos, live streams, and other multimedia content.

Software Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/software
Definition	Software is the compiled or executable version of a program.
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/9383

Source Code Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/source-code
Definition	Source code is the version of software as it is originally written (i.e., typed into a computer) by a human in plain text (i.e., human readable alphanumeric characters).
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/110997

Template Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/template
Definition	A template is a pre-designed document, file, or set of instructions that serves as a starting point for creating new documents or materials.
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/73295

Thesis Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/thesis
Definition	A thesis or dissertation is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/67062

Training Material Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/training-material
Definition	Reference materials providing proper knowledge and instructions to carry out the implementation of specific technologies, practices, and interventions. Can be designed to be 'delivered' through training or 'acquired' through learning.
Synonyms	Training Manual
Source	europa.eu
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115915

Video Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/video
Definition	A moving display, either generated dynamically by a computer program or formed from a series of pre-recorded still images imparting an impression of motion when shown in succession.
Source	COAR
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/66830

Website Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/website
Definition	A website is a collection of related web pages that are accessed through a common domain name or URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and are typically hosted on a web server. Websites can serve a variety of purposes, such as providing information, offering products or services, enabling communication and collaboration, or entertaining visitors. A website is typically of an organization or a project, they can be thematic or issue-based, they can take the form of a wiki and be managed through a 'blog' software.
Synonyms	Wiki
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/10568/111322

Working Paper Class
Identifier	https://purl.org/cg/terms/working-paper
Definition	A working paper is a preliminary or draft version of a research paper that is intended to be shared with others for the purpose of feedback and collaboration. Often, not peer-reviewed.
Synonyms	Discussion Paper
Example	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/10065